Sunday 29 July 2018

A MOMENT COMES by Jennifer Bradbury [3/5★]



Review Summary: A rare historical setting and an atmospheric read that unfortunately doesn’t fulfill its promise

Official Summary:
"As the partition of India nears in 1947 bringing violence even to Jalandhar, Tariq, a Muslim, finds himself caught between his forbidden interest in Anupreet, a Sikh girl, and Margaret, a British girl whose affection for him might help with his dream of studying at Oxford.

Review:
The date of 1947 will jump out to most western readers as not long after the end of WWII. The British Empire has withdrawn from India after ruling since 1858, and now India is to be partitioned to create a new dominion, Pakistan, so Muslim Indians may be separate from the Sikh Indians. Bradbury chose a fantastic historical event for the basis of her novel. Not only is the partition of India an interesting and still culturally-relevant event, but any Young Adult historical fiction taking place outside of America and Great Britain is a welcome change of pace and opportunity for settings and characters that aren’t white.
The atmosphere of barely restrained violence is palpable, the threat of the next violent upset constantly hangs over every character’s head, over every moment. Pakistan has already been promised, the new borders are being drawn and Pakistan will come into being in a few weeks, in a fews days - but still they fight. Even those who are vacating land no longer theirs - Muslims from India to Pakistan and Sikhs from Pakistan to India - are slaughtered and enslaved by the trainload in an unending circle of revenge. It is horrifying, what people will do to one another in the name of religion. This novel does a wonderful job of portraying that horror in both subtle and momentous ways.

Each of the three POV characters have an interesting premise - Tariq: a muslim boy whose grandfather has instilled in him the dream of studying at Oxford University in England while his peers have their sights set on the new land of Pakistan; Anupreet: a Sikh girl so beautiful she and her family must always be on their guard to protect her, recently attacked in the fighting between Sikhs and Muslims and left with a facial scar; and Margaret: an English girl whose father is one of the cartographers charged with carving Pakistan from India, brought to India by her mother as a publicity opportunity to raise her family’s standing in English society and rehabilitate Margaret’s own reputation, after she was romantically involved with a soldier 10 years her senior while she was a volunteer nurse during WWII. Their characters, both alone and in relation to each other, build up and develop at first, but largely fail to achieve any deep or satisfying character development. Anu never develops much of a personality, and isn’t afforded any opportunities to display any agency and make decisions for herself the way the other two characters do. Tariq was the only one working towards something, and while I didn't expect him to be at Oxford by the end of the story, his character arc felt unresolved. Margaret, despite her interesting setup with great potential, mostly just serves the purpose of being the white POV. Since Margaret’s character arc didn’t turn out to be anything special I would have preferred not to have a white POV at all.
The book also offers some interesting secondary characters; I personally enjoyed Margaret’s father and Tariq’s brother.

As a YA novel there is, of course, romance. Margaret is drawn to Tariq’s handsomeness, Tariq is drawn to Anupreet’s beauty, and Anupreet has bigger things to worry about and barely notices any of this. (Atta girl.) No romantic relationships are actually formed and the pining is not overbearing. And, as a subplot should be, the romantic subplot is actually relevant to the narrative. Tariq and Anupreet are on opposite sides of the Muslim/Sikh conflict; Margaret seems to Tariq a potential ticket to England and Oxford. Nobody is needlessly blinded or made cruel by love. A small miracle, honestly.

Overall the prose is not bad but nothing special either. It told the story but lacked depth and the appropriate emotional impact for such events. It often devolved into paragraphs of short sentences of unvaried length, creating a monotonous rhythm, and employed one of my most hated YA writing trends of constantly starting a new line for dramatic effect~, except it’s used so often it removes all drama from the device, and it’s an amateur technique in the first place.

The ending was left very open, and if everything had been more fully-realized on the way there this would have been fine, but as the novel stands the ending was unsatisfying and had the unfortunate side-effect of making everything that had come before it all the weaker. The novel is not long - only around 60 thousand words - so it moves quickly and none of the novel’s underdeveloped elements create slow or boring areas. I think this novel would only be satisfying to the lower end of the Young Adult demographic (maybe 14 and under - depending on the person, of course), and as a reading and learning experience perfect for “Middle Grade” readers. That is, depending on if the amount of violence in this book is appropriate for children that age. (I couldn't tell you, personally.)

Weaker points:
Characters and development
Plot
Ending

Stronger points:
Setting
Atmosphere
Pacing
Historical event
Representation/diversity

Content/age appropriateness warnings: graphic violence, injury and death, explosions, threatened sexual violence against women, references to kidnapping for the purposes of slavery and sex work

Saturday 28 July 2018

SCYTHE by Neal Shusterman [2.5/5★]


Official summary:
Thou shalt kill. A world with no hunger, no disease, no war, no misery. Humanity has conquered all those things, and has even conquered death. Now scythes are the only ones who can end life—and they are commanded to do so, in order to keep the size of the population under control. Citra and Rowan are chosen to apprentice to a scythe—a role that neither wants. These teens must master the “art” of taking life, knowing that the consequence of failure could mean losing their own.

Review:
Let’s just get right into it.
In the world of “Scythe”, humans advanced the Cloud and amassed information in it until it achieved sentience and omnipotence, and became known as the Thunderhead. It solved all the world’s problems: hunger, economic inequality, overpopulation, war, even death. All diseases have been eliminated, the body’s natural process of senescence can be endlessly reversed, the world is in such a state of peace that there is no war or even murder, there is enough food so that nobody can starve. Only death by accident remains - but not to fear, for this society can reverse even death itself.
Unfortunately, people have tried and failed to branch out to other planets, and while the population is much higher than our current one with none of the problems, our earth only has so much space.

We have one very limited world, and although death has been defeated as completely as polio, people still must die.

The ratio of population growth to the Thunderhead’s ability to provide for humanity requires that a certain number of people be gleaned each year...

So overpopulation is the sole reason people still have to die. Everything, literally everything, in this new world is fair and just, because the Thunderhead has made it so. So what would a fair method of manufacturing death be? Perhaps, everybody gets a certain number of years to live - the number being calculated by the Thunderhead to allow people to live the maximum number of years that still prevents overpopulation - and then they are no longer allowed to reverse senescence, and they either die of old age or undergo euthanasia. Fair and just.
Is this what they do in this new world? Unfathomably, absolutely the fuck not. Instead, they have scythes to mete out death via a system that allows a 16 year-old to be selected to die while the average lifespan is hundreds of years and people like Rowan’s grandmother are on god-knows-what-number husband and having new babies while her grandchild is sixteen. Not only is that extremely unfair to the 16 year-old, but there’s your overpopulation problem, right there.
The system upon which this entire novel is based makes no goddamn sense whatsoever. They claim to live in a perfect world but then intentionally recreate the most unfair system of our world: the randomness of death. It’s entirely avoidable and then they do it anyway. The scythe that chose to kill the 16 year-old did so on the basis that a percentage of deaths in our world - the Mortal World - were caused by car accidents, and an overconfident teenage boy with a penchant for getting drunk was a prime candidate for a car accident. So the Thunderhead, in all its omnipotence, eliminated car accidents, only for scythes to kill people basically in the name of car accidents. I very sincerely cannot fucking even with this.

There was only one thing the Thunderhead was not given authority over.
The Scythedom.
When it was decided that people needed to die in order to ease the tide of population growth, it was also decided that this must be the responsibility of humans. Bridge repair and urban planning could be handled by the Thunderhead, but taking a life was an act of conscience and consciousness. Since it could not be proven that the Thunderhead had either, the Scythedom was born.
I do not regret the decision, but I often wonder if the Thunderhead would have done a better job
.”

If the entire premise weren’t fundamentally flawed then it would be absolutely obvious to the characters that the Thunderhead would absolutely have done a better job.
It is the job of the scythe to decide who dies “fairly” and without bias, selecting evenly across gender, race, age, family size, even level of attractiveness. Because it was decided that death was a human responsibility, scythes can use the Thunderhead as a database but not harness its sentience to select who will die. Even without the Thunderhead’s sentience, they could enter their parameters and then use the Thunderhead like a random number generator to generate their victims. Instead they’re not allowed to do this and humans who are incapable of not being biased have to chose. Once again, this makes no sense, and is purely to manufacture another part of a scythe’s job and add weight and drama~ to the process.*
The same reasoning applies to why the Scythedom is the single human-governed system: so that their meetings and the corruption caused by their human failings can be part of the plot. They’ve also allowed themselves to be subject only to a set of laws that govern their roles as scythes, putting them above the laws that apply to everyone else., which is just asking for trouble. Goddard doesn’t even follow the Scythe Commandments anyway, ignoring “Thou shalt kill with no bias” so he can steal peoples’ properties and possessions by threatening to “glean” them if they don’t hand it over. Their whole Scythedom is a mess.

*There is also a part where the Thunderhead is not searchable by date or location like a useful computer, but instead is more like a human brain and groups things by image association, making it more difficult for a character to find what they’re looking for. It was nonsensical and purely to manufacture plot. And just because the Thunderhead is not involved in the business of Scythes it’s not even allowed to record them the way it does everyone else, which is a great way for them to get totally out of hand.

Now onto the actually killing - or “gleaning”. They call it by a euphemism because it’s not “socially or morally correct” to call it killing, and yet they are allowed to “glean” people however they want: from the pain and general unpleasantness - no matter how brief - of slitting their throat to death by flamethrower. Yes, these honorable ‘gleaners’ are allowed to incinerate their victims with a goddamn flamethrower. There is no reason whatsoever for these people to be killed anyway other than instantly and painlessly, but where’s the drama in that? Furthermore it makes weapons and combat training part of scythe training., ie. yet more total nonsensicality to create plot.** The scythes won’t even allow these people to be informed of their impending death ahead of time, not only to maybe get their affairs in order or do something they love for the last time, they’re not even allowed to say goodbye to their families. Why? Once again, no goddamn reason whatsoever! Everything about it is needlessly cruel. And the “Mass Gleanings”, carried out by the antagonist and his “New Order” scythes, are nothing short of legally sanctioned terrorist attacks.

**It also makes the creation of new weapons one of the few industries left in this “utopia” (not that a utopia should even have weapons) and the pitching of them part of the Scythe’s gatherings. There is a scene where the creator of a new weapon is pitching it to the scythes and they test it by using it on her AND KILLING HER. Not only is that a terrible idea because they’re prevented her from creating any new weapons for them but also WHAT THE ACTUAL FUCK???

Basically if you base an argument on a flawed premise, no matter how well constructed that argument is, it’s negated by its very foundation being incorrect. This book had its merits, but since they were either involved with or directly stemmed from a flawed premise, I couldn’t care for the whole.
Even so, if it hadn’t had fundamental premise flaws it still would have only been about a 3 star read for me, and here’s why.

Prose/Writing
The prose is good enough to be unobtrusive (ie. not jarring or pulling you out of the story with an awkward turn of phrase) but really nothing beyond that. Schuster’s use of words did nothing to elicit any emotion from me, and everything felt rather vague due to a lack of meaningful description.

Character Rowan started out bland and gradually became more interesting. His development was still a little shallow, however. The classic “Woe, what am I becoming?” narrative without much emotional depth or originality. Plotwise he went ALL THE WAY OFF towards the end, and I look forward to his character in the sequel. I also appreciate how he took drastic action when the opportunity presented itself and took fixing their fucked up system into his own hands with little apprehension. I love a character that gets shit done without protracted soul-searching first just to prolong the plot and create drama (especially since Schusterman sure did enough of that elsewhere).
In contrast to Rowan, Citra started out with interesting potential but just coasted as a character from there. She definitely got the weaker plot once they were separated. I still feel like I don’t really know her and therefore don’t have much to say.
Faraday and Curie were very interesting characters, and served well as counterpoints to the youth and inexperience of Rowan and Citra.
At first I thought Goddard was a bit of a cartoon villain and that the existence of someone like him was antithetical to a utopia, but as we saw more and more of the Scythedom I could absolutely see how their bullshit system breed someone like him.

I’ll comment here on the romance, which was only a few brief mentions and therefore unobtrusive but it was still undeveloped, shoehorned in, and ultimately pointless.

Plot, Pacing, Structure
It was hard to judge the plot and pacing of this novel, because I think a lot of the interest in the first half would have been generated by the world-building of the Scythedom, but because I found it fundamentally flawed I not only wasn’t interested, I was annoyed and mildly angry the entire time. The second half was more plot-driven and definitely more interesting, and the last about 20% was quite thrilling. I may have whooped a few times, even.
There are two elements to the worldbuilding: the utopic world created by the Thunderhead, and the Scythedom within that. The Scythedom is the dominant aspect, and maybe if it had made any sense it would have absorbed my focus. Instead, I found myself more interested in the society that was utopian but still rather bleak. Because of the Thunderhead, everything that can be known is known, anything that can be created is created “perfectly” by the Thunderhead. So there is no academia, people no longer create any kind of art or music, there are no governments to be staffed, no celebrities but Scythes to fawn over, no problems of war and peace or crime and justice to be answered. Basically there’s hardly anything left to do, and certainly nothing intellectually or creatively satisfying. People live for so long and have so many kids that they don’t even care about them.
Schusterman himself has confirmed his world was not intended as the classic dystopia masquerading as a utopia, like almost every dystopia in fact does (eg. Zamyatin’s “We”, Orwell’s “Nineteen Eighty-Four”, Huxley’s “Brave New World”, Lowry’s “The Giver”, and Collin’s “The Hunger Games”). Instead, it poses a genuine question: what is “perfection”? Where does it end? And what comes afterwards? It may be “perfect” but as an academic and an artist, it’s not a world I would want to live in.
There is of course the rest of the series to explore this aspect, but I do feel there could have been some more substantial exploration in this book. I’m not even entirely sure that I buy that the Thunderhead’s “perfection” would cease all creativity, so exploration of this topic could have solidified the foundation of the utopia better.
I do have one fully-formed criticism of it, though: It’s a “utopia”. All oppression and suffering is gone. It’s like 1000 years in the future from our time. And yet everyone, every character passingly mentioned, is fucking straight. Every woman has a husband and every man has a wife. Every child has a mother and a father. Utopia? More like hetero hellscape. Goddard makes a passing reference to the existence of gay people in a sexual way and that’s fucking it. I let the social construct of gender still being in place slide since this is a product of our current time, but not a single regular citizen being mentioned to have a same-sex partner is a joke.
Scythes are commanded to keep a journal, and each chapter began with a journal entry mostly from Scythe Currie, but also others. They were a great inclusion, and for me the most interesting and well executed aspect of the novel.

Ultimately, I am (unfortunately?) interested in the sequel, because based on the ending of this one the plot it’s likely to have is one of my favourite kinds. We’ll see how it goes.

I have decided to forgo the weaker and stronger aspects breakdown for this novel since it was so inconsistent even within the same aspects I had a hell of a time trying to make it.

Content/age appropriateness warnings: a lot of murder and blood, obviously, but that’s all I can remember

Wednesday 25 July 2018

DAUGHTER OF SMOKE AND BONE by Laini Taylor [4.2/5★]



Review summary: The stunning originality that YA often promises but mostly doesn't deliver

Official summary
Around the world, black hand prints are appearing on doorways, scorched there by winged strangers who have crept through a slit in the sky.
In a dark and dusty shop, a devil’s supply of human teeth grows dangerously low.
And in the tangled lanes of Prague, a young art student is about to be caught up in a brutal otherworldly war.
Meet Karou. She fills her sketchbooks with monsters that may or may not be real, she’s prone to disappearing on mysterious "errands", she speaks many languages - not all of them human - and her bright blue hair actually grows out of her head that color. Who is she? That is the question that haunts her, and she’s about to find out.
When beautiful, haunted Akiva fixes fiery eyes on her in an alley in Marrakesh, the result is blood and starlight, secrets unveiled, and a star-crossed love whose roots drink deep of a violent past. But will Karou live to regret learning the truth about herself?


Review
Wow, what a book. When it comes to popular YA books “Daughter of Smoke and Bone” is a title I’d heard so many times over the years (it was released in 2011) that when I finally decided to dive in to that long, long list of titles, I don’t think I even read the summary. And I’m glad I didn’t, because going in to this book totally blind, with no preconceived notions of what to expect, made it all the more thrilling a journey. In a genre of fiction rife with recycled, uninspired, and underdeveloped premises, plots, and worlds - Daughter of Smoke and Bone creates a totally unique and intricate world and meticulously renders it to the reader with detail and care. So much so, that I don’t want to even slightly spoil any more of it than you may already know from the summary, if you haven’t read this book. The rest of this review is all spoilers, so go read the book and then come back, if you feel so inclined.

Mild spoilers follow. Major spoilers are inside spoiler tags.

I loved everything about the world-building and characters. Even after my warning above I still feel the need to be as unspoliery as possible on these two fronts, among the most original and fantastic I have read in fiction, and I feel that I don’t have anything unique enough to say about them that warrants listing all of their secrets here.
On the setting, I will say: I love stories set in our world but with magical elements, rather than being plunged headfirst into a fantasy world and trying to get a grip on that brand new setting at the same time you’re learning the plot and characters. So while I was mildly disappointed this novel didn’t stay as a story set in our world with magical elements, the progression from our world with magic to the land of Eretz filled with Chimera and Angels was well-handled, taking what we expected and twisting it into something else entirely.
Helping to bring such interesting and unique characters and settings to life was Taylor’s gorgeous prose. Taylor writes in such a descriptive and emotional way that no moment felt dull or pointless. It made her characters accessible, her fantastic creations believable, the relationships deep and moving. The only time I had any problem with the prose was during fight scenes, intentionally written in short bursts of sentences to create a sense of action that I instead found stilted and repetitive.

The book often teeters on the line between original and quirky~. If you have a decent familiarity with the Young Adult genre you’ll know what I mean by “quirky~”. If not...count yourself lucky. The quirky~ aspect of this novel is, at least, not of the standard variety where the protagonist actually tells us how quirky~ they are and that they have no friends because of it - they’re just too unique for other people (high probability it’s actually because they’re insufferable). Rather, Taylor wants to create something unique, something with original details, its very own atmosphere that sets it apart. If you want your novel to be different then straying into cringe territory is just a risk you have to run. I’d rather author’s take that risk and create something unique, though a little cringey every now and then, than create something that plays it safe and, as a result, is something we’ve all seen before.
So if you find yourself rolling your eyes at how different and mysterious~ Karou is in the first couple of chapters, push on; there’s a good reason for all of it.

As delightfully original as Daughter of Smoke and Bone is, it does fall into cliche in one very major area. And the fall is, unfortunately, a very hard one.
The grand romance of Karou and Akiva is just...well, here’s a brief summary of what it had me thinking a lot of the time:

Karou or Akiva: *says they love the other*
Me: “Ya’ll just met!!!”

The scourge of the Young Adult genre…instalove.
Everyone has their own time period in which two characters falling in love is considered “instalove”, based on your perceptions and experiences with love. If they fall in love the very first time they meet - it doesn’t get any quicker than that: definitely instalove. The second time: hardly any better. A week: I hardly even notice one passing. A month: I’ve procrastinated making phone calls longer than that, that ain’t enough time to fall in love! Personally anything less than seeing each other regularly for like...6 months is too soon for me, but I can recognize that a novel has certain time constraints and make allowances.
Unfortunately for Karou and Akiva, love was in the air literally the second time they met, which I absolutely cannot make allowances for.
There is, however, a twist to this relationship.



If the narrative had just eased up on the perfect, all consuming, world-altering nature of their love based on a relationship without much substance, I wouldn’t have minded so much. I do actually like them together, after all. Although they’re an angel and a ‘devil’ and therefore operating on a grander plane than we mere mortals, and there’s a destiny~ element to their love emphasized throughout not just this novel, but the rest of the series - a boy and a girl meeting and falling in love immediately and going to drastic lengths for each other is one of the oldest tales there is, and so many of us are just BORED of it. BORED!!! It honestly pains me to lower the rating of this book purely because of the romance, because that’s how much I loved it anyway. But all that creativity and originality just serves to make such a cliche standout and disappoint even more. I recently found out that Taylor even does the exact same thing in her next novel series, that is otherwise spectacular. Why, Laini? WHY???



As an added bonus, not only is “X of Y and Z” such an overdone title construction by now, but many authors also use this and similar constructions with a bunch of flowery words that don’t actually mean anything important to the story, world, or characters. I fully expected that to be the case here, so when Karou turned out to LITERALLY be the daughter of smoke and bone I was STOKED for a title that actually had significance.


While I don’t want to go into them in depth and they weren’t major sources of trouble for me, I did have a few issues with issues that affect female characters. The attitudes towards virginity were very “old-fashioned”, and I found the scenes of Madrigal, being forced into sexualised clothing a situations she was deeply uncomfortable with being portrayed as okay because her “friends” were the ones forcing her, also very uncomfortable for me reading them.

Overall this review is useless, but the book is amazing. For all the YA books that claim to do something new and amazing but do nothing of the sort, this one certainly fulfills its promise. I greatly look forward to finishing the series and reading Taylor’s future work.

Weaker points:
Romance
Corniness (slight)
Problematic elements (slight)
Pacing (slight)

Stronger points:
Character
Plot
Prose
World building
Originality
Atmosphere
Settings

Content/age appropriateness warnings: character death, non-explicit torture, implied/non-explicit sex, war, injury/blood etc, and lots and lots of teeth (I’ve come across more than a few people entirely grossed out by them lol)